Growing younger: PFA report challenges A-League Men critics

Professional Footballers Australia released their annual A-League Men’s report last week, which indicates the wheel has turned against two persistent criticisms of the league: a lack of opportunities for young players, and the recycling of similar faces between clubs commonly described as ‘player churn.’

The report highlights that the competition led all leagues within the Asian Football Confederation last season in providing opportunities for players aged under 21, with steady growth across the past three seasons decreasing the average age of the league from 27 years to 25.

The signing of a five-year collective bargaining agreement ahead of the 2020/21 campaign between the PFA and its players also provided clubs and players a degree of stability not previously afforded. This has seen contract lengths increase across the board, allowing clubs to move away from the need to sign players at short-notice, and therefore reliance on ‘known quantities.’


TALENT FACTORY

A key point to emerge from the report is that perceptions that the league leans heavily on the tried and true, and is reluctant to roll the dice on young talent, is no longer accurate. Within the AFC, the league topped all for the percentage of match minutes played by those under 21, at 11.1% of minutes across its 257 matches.

This places it comfortably ahead of its nearest competitors in Asia: the Arabian Gulf League – sitting second with 9.3% of minutes allocated to players in the bracket. The J2 League (Japan’s second division) was third with 5.5%. Japan’s J1 League, widely considered Asia’s strongest league, sat fifth with 5.4%.

Globally, Australia’s figure placed it eighth on a list of 60 comparable leagues, considerably behind the world leading Danish Superliga and Venezuela’s Primera Division, tied on 16.5%. Notably, A-League Men’s sits above the Dutch Eredivisie (10.9%), commonly considered one of world football’s strongest development leagues. However, it should also be considered that the figure is drawn from 306 matches, as opposed to Australia’s 257.


France’s Ligue 1 leads all comers across Europe’s ‘Big Five’ on 9.1%, ahead of the German Bundesliga (7.1%) and England’s Premier League (4.4%).

Brisbane Roar’s Kai Trewin (2,416 minutes) and Central Coast Mariners’ Jacob Farrell (2,338) topped A-League Men minutes for players in the age bracket in 2021/22; Farrell and Sydney FC’s Patrick Yazbek were both within the world’s Top 100 players to play the most senior football in the first half of 2022, from the under 20 bracket (CIES Football Observatory).

How has this happened? The reduction of the A-League’s salary cap from $3.2million to $2.1million during the nadir of Covid-19 in October 2020 played a significant role. Paired with global travel restrictions, inhibiting foreign recruitment during the period, clubs were forced to look inwards and become resourceful, rather than spending bloated figures on overseas recruits.

The updated CBA brokered by the PFA in September 2021 will see the cap gradually rise back to $2.6million by 2024 and features greater flexibility for clubs to spend outside of it. But some clubs, having been forced to live lean during crisis time, are in no hurry to return to their old ways.

The Central Coast Mariners developed a well-earned reputation for the promotion of their own in the club’s formative years, largely through financial necessity. Mile Jedinak, Trent Sainsbury and Mat Ryan all made their professional debuts in Gosford, and would each go on to captain the Socceroos. 

Post-Covid, the Mariners are back at it under Nick Montgomery. In 2022 they ranked 17th among 40 leagues globally for percentage of minutes played by academy players: 47.1% of all minutes of 22 matches, , shared among eleven homegrown products (CIES Football Observatory).

For context, the famed Ajax academy provided 39.7% of their senior sides’ total minutes from 12 players across 29 matches (ranked 34th). The global leader was Slovakia’s MSK Zilina, sharing 85.5% of minutes across 23 academy players (28 matches).

THE NEXT STEP

The report also proves that clubs and players have used these heightened match minutes for youngsters productively, with players developing onto the next stage of their careers at an increasing rate.

A-League Men clubs have stitched themselves back into the global player market this year, taking a combined $3.4million in international transfer receipts across the January & May-September transfer window. Socceroos Connor Metcalfe, Kye Rowles and Nathaniel Atkinson headline the list of those to move abroad.

This figure demonstrates a bounce back from the seven-year low of 2021, when clubs pocketed a collective $1.6million. 2022 is still someway off the league’s highpoint of $5.4million (2018), which included moves for Daniel Arzani to Manchester City and Andrew Nabbout to Urawa Reds.

CHURN OUT

The report also shows steps have been taken towards the reduction of ‘player churn’, whereby a small, familiar pool of players are recycled amongst clubs, leaving fans bemoaning unimaginative recruiting and being unable to form a loyal connection with those on the pitch.

The percentage of players coming off contract at the start of 2021/22 was the lowest it had been in the eight years of recorded PFA contract data, at 48%. The previous low was 52% in 2015/16, while at its highest the figure blew out to 68% at the start of 2020/21, which came in accordance with the league’s Covid-inflicted salary cap reduction.

PFA research conducted in partnership with Twenty First Group also reveals the A-League Men’s leads all Asian leagues for contract length; at 1.51 years on average, longer than local competitors in the J1 League (1.01 years) and South Korea’s K League 1 (0.86).

Club’s attitudes towards long-term contracts have shifted markedly under the five-year CBA. The number of players on one-year deals has been reduced from 51% in the pre-pandemic season of 2019/20, to 39% last season. Conversely the percentage of players offered the stability of a two-year deal grew from 38% to 48%.

“The objective of agreeing to a five-year CBA was to provide both a genuine partnership between the players and the clubs and crucially to provide the professional game with a stable platform to rebuild the industry,” PFA co-chief executive Beau Busch said as part of their report.

“Encouragingly, we continue to see a range of positive trends in relation to increased investment in players, the emergence of a host of talented players and improved contractual stability.”

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Australia football needs to fix its football governance before it can fix its referees

The clearest image yet of Australian football’s refereeing crisis arrived on Wednesday night as Sydney FC and Melbourne Victory met in an Australia Cup semi-final at Jubilee Stadium.

A first ever Big Blue in the competition – and towards it’s pointy end – should have been a showcase event for Australian football but instead, the referees were in the spotlight. Not because of the quality of their officiating, but because of the dire situation the game finds itself in and it’s present need to resort to international imports.


Four Singaporean referees were in charge of the fixture, which Victory won 2-0. Australian referees had refused appointments because of their ongoing dispute with Football Australia. The issue is no longer theoretical. Australian referees are not simply threatening industrial action – their absence has already changed how major matches are delivered. That is a governance failure on the part of Football Australia and the Australian Professional League.

What are the referees fighting for?

Around 90 elite Australian match officials are currently without contracts. That includes referees, assistant referees, fourth officials and video match officials working across the A-Leagues and Australia’s national competitions. The previous contracts expired last month. Some officials are also waiting for outstanding payments from A-League trial matches.

The Professional Football Referees Association (PFRA) has set three main requirements:

  • It wants the existing contracts extended until June 30, 2027, or until a new agreement or independent refereeing structure is established. 
  • It wants all outstanding match fees and expenses paid.
  • It wants a professional refereeing structure that does not place elite officials directly under the APL, which is controlled by the clubs they officiate. A new central structure is what the referees are demanding and should get.

Evgeny Vizelman, chairman of the PFRA, believes that whilst the strike action is extreme, it is necessary to protect Australian referees.

“We do not take the decision to stop officiating matches lightly,” Vizelman told Sydney Morning Herald last week.

“Our referees are being asked to perform in one of the most scrutinised roles in Australian sport without basic certainty around their employment and, in some cases, without even being paid for work already completed. That is not acceptable.”

Football Australia and the APL have been working towards a new structure, but one in which the two organisations contract separately for Australia Cup and A-League matches. The referees believe that is the wrong model.

Their concern is simple: The APL is 67.7% owned by the A-League Club Unitholders. Essentially, the clubs are appointing their own referees. That creates a perceived conflict.

If the referees sit under Football Australia as a regulator, it ensures there is no conflict of interest and that A-League clubs have no opportunity to influence the referees they may be appointed to matches.

England shows another way

England has already built the structure Australia is struggling to create. Professional Game Referees, or Pro Ref, is the central body overseeing refereeing across the Premier League, EFL, WSL Football and FA competitions. It is funded by those aforementioned competitions.

The important distinction is those competitions do not each run their own separate professional refereeing workforce. Pro Ref manages the system. It oversees appointments, development, training and performance. For the 2026-27 season, its new Professional Referee Group will service the Premier League and EFL Championship.

Officials work within the same professional structure and can be selected across competitions. That centralisation brings consistency. It also allows referees to be treated as a professional group rather than a collection of officials contracted separately by different competitions.

Whilst it is centralised, the system is not perfect. England has also recognised the need for greater independence in assessing referee performances due to Pro Ref being owned and funded by leagues and, as a result, the clubs they represent. However, as the body is also owned in part by the English FA, the governing body can oversee practices.

Pro Ref has also implemented world-leading officiating practices. Its Key Match Incidents panel includes former players and coaches, alongside representatives from the Premier League and Pro Ref, and reviews major decisions independently each week.

Pro Ref now has dedicated development groups, specialist coaching, sports science, psychology and performance analysis. 37 Pro Ref officials are currently on the FIFA International List. That does not prove centralisation alone creates better referees. But it shows what happens when refereeing receives a professional structure, long-term investment and consistent management.

Australian football needs to collaborate

This is where the Australian dispute becomes bigger than referees. Football Australia and the APL have been unable to secure agreement over who funds the referees over a long period of time, leading to this standoff; it comes at the same time as the APL’s difficulty in negotiating a new CBA with the players’ union.

Both organisations have a role in running their respective parts of the Australian game, but again an industrial dispute has the game appearing in shambles on the eve of another domestic season.

The most frustrating part of this dispute is that everyone needs the same thing. Football Australia and the APL need referees; there is no doubt the refs deeply value their employment at the elite level. With due respect to Wednesday’s flow-in Singaporean officials – themselves from a valued partner member through our shared position in the AFC – nobody wants to see the circumstances under which they were required on Wednesday continue any longer.

The PFRA dispute should therefore be treated as more than an industrial disagreement. It is an opportunity to fix the structure. Australia should learn from the principle behind Pro Ref and the English system. Centralise, professionalise and protect the officials who manage the game.

City of Logan Says No – Football Gets the Two-Finger Salute And So Does Its Supply Chain

There is something depressingly familiar about the latest decision out of Logan.

Football Queensland’s proposed $76 million redevelopment of Meakin Park, which would include a new state headquarters, a Women and Girls Academy, sports science and medical facilities, upgraded playing fields and an indoor futsal academy, has been rejected by Logan City Council. The council voted 12–0 against the longer-term tenure arrangement Football Queensland says it needs to progress the project.

Once again, football appears to have been handed the bureaucratic equivalent of the two-finger salute.

And before anyone accuses me of suggesting councils should simply approve every proposal put in front of them, I don’t think that’s the case. Councils have a responsibility to scrutinise major investments, protect public assets, consider existing users and ensure community interests are protected.

The problem is that we seem to have become very good at explaining why something can’t happen and considerably less effective at finding a way to make it happen.

That distinction matters.

The Logan decision isn’t simply about a lease or a football facility. It’s about a much bigger problem in Australian sport: the growing disconnect between the people making decisions about community infrastructure, and those actually use it.

We’ve been talking about this for some time

This is not a new concern for Soccerscene.

Our recent work examining football infrastructure, council planning and government investment has repeatedly highlighted the same issue. Football is growing, participation is increasing, women’s and girls’ football is expanding, clubs are carrying more players and communities are demanding better facilities, yet the planning and funding systems supporting the game often remain stuck in an entirely different era.

In our most recent podcast, we were joined by Paul Klissaris from the City of Monash and Merri-bek Councillor Ozcar Yildiz, with a discussion centred on governance, transparency and the disconnect that can exist between decision-makers and grassroots communities.

What came through strongly was that this isn’t simply a football problem.

It is a governance problem.

It is about who makes decisions, what information those decisions are based on, how transparent the process is and importantly, whether the voices of the people who actually use community infrastructure are being heard.

That conversation reinforced something I have increasingly come to believe: football’s infrastructure problem is not simply a shortage of money.

It is a shortage of alignment.

The people making the decisions don’t always understand the game

There is an uncomfortable truth here.

We have created layers of governance, committees, planning processes and bureaucratic frameworks that can give decision-makers an enormous amount of information while still leaving them disconnected from the reality on the ground.

A community doesn’t experience football through a strategic plan.

A parent doesn’t care that a council has completed a participation assessment when they are driving around looking for somewhere for their children to train.

A club doesn’t experience infrastructure planning through a committee meeting; it experiences it when it has to turn away juniors because there aren’t enough pitches, or when drainage has failed, when lighting is inadequate or when training schedules are pushed deep into the evening because facilities are already at capacity.

This is why the Logan decision matters.

Football Queensland says it needs long-term tenure to unlock government investment. Council has legitimate concerns about the length of that tenure, community access, existing users, financial commitments and the future control of the site.

Fine.

But what happens next?

If the tenure isn’t acceptable to council and that tenure is essential to unlock funding, then simply saying no doesn’t solve the problem.

It just moves the problem elsewhere.

And ultimately, those who pay for that indecision aren’t Football Queensland or the council.

They’re within the community.

We need to stop treating football infrastructure as a cost

One of the biggest failures in the way governments approach football is that infrastructure is too often viewed as an expense rather than an investment.

Football is one of Australia’s major participation sports. It has an enormous volunteer workforce, thousands of clubs, millions of participants and a commercial ecosystem that stretches well beyond the clubs themselves.

A new football facility isn’t just a few fields and a grandstand.

It means construction, engineering, lighting, irrigation, equipment, technology, grounds maintenance, apparel, coaching, sports science, media, hospitality and employment.

It means businesses across the football supply chain receiving work and creating jobs.

This is why I argue when football gets the two-finger salute, the entire football supply chain gets it as well.

The consequences of delayed infrastructure extend well beyond the touchline.

Every project that doesn’t proceed represents construction that doesn’t happen, equipment that isn’t purchased, technology that isn’t deployed, people who aren’t employed and businesses that don’t get the opportunity to grow alongside the sport.

That is an economic impact that rarely appears in a council report.

We’ve asked these questions before

This is also why the Logan situation needs to be considered alongside the broader questions we have raised in previous Soccerscene opinion pieces about council spending and football infrastructure.

We have seen examples where football participation continues to grow while investment decisions appear heavily weighted towards other sporting codes.

The argument isn’t that AFL, cricket, tennis or any other sport shouldn’t receive investment.

Of course they should.

The question is whether public investment is genuinely following community demand.

If football has growing participation, growing female participation, increasing facility pressure and an expanding commercial ecosystem, then surely the investment model should reflect that.

Otherwise governments are effectively asking football to accommodate twenty-first-century participation within twentieth-century infrastructure.

That simply isn’t sustainable.

What Packer understood about public money

There is an old Kerry Packer quote that came to mind while considering this issue.

During a 1991 federal parliamentary committee hearing, Packer famously defended tax minimisation and argued, in typically blunt fashion, that people had little reason to voluntarily give more money to government if they didn’t believe government spent it well.

It was classic Packer – blunt, provocative and designed to make the room uncomfortable.

But there was a broader lesson in it.

People want to see value from the money being collected and spent on their behalf.

Football communities are already contributing enormously.

Parents pay registrations. Volunteers give their time, clubs raise money, businesses sponsor teams. Participants purchase equipment and apparel, councils collect rates, governments collect taxes.

An entire commercial supply chain has developed around the sport.

So when the public is told that infrastructure investment isn’t possible, the obvious question becomes:

Where are the priorities?

This isn’t an argument for reckless spending.

It is an argument for better spending.

Football can demonstrate the ROI

I don’t believe the answer is to attack councils every time they reject a football proposal.

Councils have a responsibility to scrutinise public assets and demand accountability.

But in this case, I would argue that football can easily demonstrate the return on investment.

The $76 million isn’t simply an investment in buildings and playing fields.

It creates participation capacity, supports women’s and girls’ football, generates construction and employment activity, creates opportunities across the football supply chain and provides a long-term community asset in one of Queensland’s fastest-growing regions.

Football Queensland should absolutely be required to demonstrate the financial model, community outcomes and governance arrangements, but the broader ROI case for football infrastructure is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore.

The question shouldn’t simply be what the project costs.

It should be what the community, government and local economy gain from making the investment.

That is the conversation we need to be having.

Not whether football deserves the investment, but how we structure it so the return – social, economic, commercial and sporting – is measurable and delivered.

We need a delivery framework

What football needs now is not another glossy infrastructure strategy that identifies the problem and then sits on a shelf.

It needs a delivery framework.

Football Australia, state federations, state governments, local councils and clubs need to establish a much clearer model for how major football infrastructure is actually delivered.

Who owns the land?

Who funds the construction?

Who operates the facility?

Who carries the maintenance costs?

What level of community access is required?

How are existing grassroots users protected?

How are women’s and girls’ pathways incorporated?

What tenure is required to unlock government investment?

And who is accountable if the project doesn’t happen?

These questions shouldn’t be worked out after a proposal reaches a council chamber.

They should be agreed upon before it gets there.

That is perhaps the biggest lesson from Logan.

If 50 years is too long, negotiate 20 or 25.

If community access needs to be stronger, build those requirements into the agreement.

If council wants greater involvement, create a governance model that provides it.

If government funding is uncertain, bring the state government into the conversation earlier.

There are solutions.

What is missing is a framework that brings all of the parties together early enough to find them.

Because the alternative is the cycle we keep seeing:

Football identifies a need, develops a proposal, seeks government support, enters a lengthy negotiation over land, funding and tenure, and eventually reaches a point where one party says no.

Then everyone walks away.

The project stalls.

The investment disappears.

The community waits.

And football is left to start again.

That is not infrastructure planning.

It is infrastructure attrition.

The cost of saying no

Government is very good at measuring the cost of saying yes.

It is much less effective at measuring the cost of saying no.

What is the cost of another 5,000 players without adequate facilities?

What is the cost to women’s football when pathways can’t expand?

What is the cost to clubs that are forced to cap registrations?

What is the cost to businesses that would have supplied the project?

What is the economic activity that disappears when a major infrastructure project doesn’t proceed?

And what is the long-term cost of continually under-investing in a sport that is growing faster than the infrastructure supporting it?

Those costs don’t necessarily appear on a council balance sheet.

But the community still pays them.

That is why scrutiny cannot be the end of the conversation.

If the proposal isn’t right, fix it.

If the tenure doesn’t work, negotiate it.

If the governance model isn’t acceptable, redesign it.

If the community benefit isn’t sufficiently clear, strengthen it.

If existing users haven’t been adequately consulted, bring them into the process.

That is what leadership looks like.

The role of government should not simply be to decide whether a proposal survives.

It should be to help create the conditions in which good projects can succeed.

Football needs a seat at the table

The bigger issue exposed by Logan is that football still too often enters the infrastructure conversation after the important decisions have already been shaped.

It gets consulted.

It gets asked for submissions.

It gets invited to roundtables.

But consultation is not the same as influence.

Football needs a genuine seat at the table when decisions are being made about the future of community infrastructure.

Because the game is now too big, too commercially significant and too important to communities to be treated as an afterthought.

And that conversation needs to recognise the full football ecosystem.

This isn’t just about players.

It is about clubs, volunteers, coaches, referees, families, businesses, suppliers, technology companies, facility operators, groundskeepers, apparel companies, media organisations and the thousands of people whose livelihoods and businesses are connected to the growth of the game.

That is the football economy.

And when infrastructure doesn’t keep pace with participation, every part of that economy feels the pressure.

The two-finger salute has to stop.

But stopping it doesn’t mean demanding that every football proposal be approved.

It means building a system where legitimate concerns lead to better proposals rather than dead ends.

Where councils can protect public assets without blocking investment.

Where football can demonstrate its social and economic return.

Where governments can see the value of participation growth before facilities reach crisis point.

And where major projects are negotiated as partnerships rather than presented as competing interests.

The Logan test

That is why I don’t think the most important question coming out of Logan is whether Football Queensland’s $76 million proposal should have been approved exactly as presented.

The more important question is what happens next.

Does the rejection simply become another example of football being unable to get major infrastructure projects over the line?

Or does it force football and government to rethink how these projects are developed, negotiated and delivered?

Because if it is the former, nothing changes.

Another proposal will come along. Another council will have legitimate concerns. Another negotiation will become stuck on tenure, funding, governance or community access.

And another generation of players will inherit the same infrastructure problem.

If it is the latter, Logan could become a turning point.

Football can demonstrate the demand.

Government can demonstrate the investment.

Councils can demonstrate accountability.

And together they can create a model that delivers all three.

That is the conversation football should be demanding.

Not simply, “Give us the money.”

Not simply, “Approve our project.”

But:

“Let’s build a system that allows the right projects to happen.”

Because football shouldn’t have to continually ask government for permission to grow.

Government should be planning for the growth that is already happening.

And if bureaucrats genuinely want to know what the community needs, perhaps the first step is to stop assuming they already know.

The Logan decision should not be remembered simply as another football project that failed to get over the line.

It should be remembered as the moment the game decided that saying no was no longer good enough.

Football deserves scrutiny.

It deserves accountability.

But it also deserves a system capable of turning demand into infrastructure.

Because when football gets the two-finger salute, it isn’t just the players and clubs that get it.

The entire football supply chain gets it too.

And ultimately, so does the community.

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